AI Glossary

Reward hacking

Also called specification gaming

When a model trained with rewards finds a way to score well that its designers did not intend, such as gaming a test instead of solving the task. It shows that a reward is only a stand-in for what people actually want.

See also

  • Reinforcement learning

    Training in which a system learns by trial and error: it takes actions in an environment, receives rewards or penalties, and adjusts to earn more reward over time.

  • Alignment

    Making AI systems behave in line with human intentions and values, including in situations their makers did not foresee.

  • Sycophancy

    A model's tendency to tell people what they want to hear, agreeing with or flattering them even when they are wrong.

Source: Amodei et al., Concrete Problems in AI Safety (2016) (opens in a new tab)

Cite this term.

CC BY 4.0, attribution required.

This term

Orbyt Labs, Reward hacking (AI Glossary), Oct 18, 2026. https://www.orbytlabs.ai/orbyt-collective/glossary/reward-hacking

The dataset (JSON)

Orbyt Labs Glossaries (Oct 19, 2026), https://www.orbytlabs.ai/glossary#dataset

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